Business Laws | CRACKER is an all-inclusive guide for students appearing in the CA Foundation – Paper 2 (Business Laws) examination. It compiles a carefully curated set of questions from past exams, including the latest Sept. 2025 attempt and Revision Test Papers (RTPs), Mock Test Papers (MTPs), and additional important questions. This collection offers conceptual clarity and exam-oriented practice to help students confidently tackle the Business Laws paper.

The Present Publication is the 15^th Edition for Jan./May 2026 Exams. This book is authored by Dr S.K. Agrawal & CA. Manmeet Kaur, with the following noteworthy features:

• [Coverage of Past Exam Questions (including Sept. 2025)] The book compiles a wide range of previously asked questions, carefully sorted and solved with model answers. This lets the readers gain insight into the question patterns, marking schemes, and the depth of knowledge expected by the ICAI examiners
• [Additional Important Questions for the Exam] Beyond past examinations, the book includes an array of additional questions that are likely to appear in upcoming exams. These supplementary questions broaden your practice base, reinforcing your grasp of critical and high-scoring areas
• [Coverage of RTPs/MTPs Issued by ICAI] To align the readers’ preparation with the ICAI’s latest trends, this CRACKER incorporates questions from Revision Test Papers (RTPs) and Mock Test Papers (MTPs). This ensures the readers stay updated on any changes in the syllabus, amendments in laws, or emerging question patterns
• [Uniquely Designed Marks Distribution Chart] A distinctive feature of this Edition is its marks distribution chart, which meticulously tracks the weightage of various topics across multiple attempts. This helps the readers prioritise chapters and topics based on their frequency and scoring potential
• [Theoretical Questions, Short Notes & Case Studies] The book provides comprehensive coverage of theories, concise short notes for quick revision, and practical case studies to apply legal provisions effectively. This blend of question types encourages conceptual learning and practical problem-solving skills
• [Chapter-wise Mapping with ICAI Study Material] Each chapter is carefully mapped to the ICAI’s official study material, allowing the readers to cross-reference relevant topics quickly. This systematic alignment ensures that no portion of the official syllabus is overlooked
• [Special Guidance for Answering Case Studies] Recognising that case studies carry substantial weight in the Business Laws exam, the author provides a clear three-step approach to structuring answers:
  • Provision – State the relevant legal provision in clear, bookish language
  • Connection – Briefly connect the cited provision to the specifics of the given case
  • Conclusion – Derive the inference or the solution for the case, specifying remedies or outcomes as asked in the question
• [Quick Revision & Wider Coverage] The answers to case studies are given in a concise ‘Hint’ format, combining the core legal provision and conclusion. This enables faster revision, especially close to exam dates

The book is organised into seven units, mirroring the CA Foundation syllabus:

• Unit I | Indian Regulatory Framework
  • Introduces the regulatory environment and provides insights into how laws are shaped and enforced in India
• Unit II | Indian Contract Act 1872
  • Explores key aspects such as Nature of Contract, Offer & Acceptance, Consideration, Free Consent, Legality of Object, Void Agreements, Quasi-Contracts, Performance & Discharge of a contract, as well as specialised contracts like Indemnity & Guarantee, Bailment & Pledge, and Agency
• Unit III | Sale of Goods Act 1930
  • Covers the Formation of a Contract of Sale, Conditions & Warranties, Transfer of Ownership, and the rights and remedies of an Unpaid Seller
• Unit IV | Indian Partnership Act 1932
  • Discusses the General Nature of the Partnership, Relations of Partners, and detailed procedures for Registration & Dissolution of a Firm
• Unit V | Limited Liability Partnership Act 2008
  • Explains the concept, formation, and operational features of LLPs, emphasising how they differ from traditional partnership firms
• Unit VI | The Companies Act 2013
  • Provides an overview of company incorporation, management, and essential compliance obligations, focusing on foundation-level concepts
• Unit VII | The Negotiable Instruments Act 1881
  • Details the legal framework for promissory notes, bills of exchange, and cheques, highlighting their practical and legal implications
• Within each chapter, you’ll find:
  • Conceptual Explanations – Summaries, definitions, and clarifications of critical points
  • Solved Past Exam Questions – Complete with model answers and examiners’ insights
  • Illustrations & Case Studies – Showcasing practical application of laws, often with a structured approach to drafting answers
  • Short Notes & Pointers – Ideal for quick revision before the exam

The structure of the book is as follows:

• Chapter-wise Marks Distribution – A detailed chart breaking down marks allocated to each topic in previous exams, helping you identify high-weightage chapters
• Chapter-wise Comparison with Study Material – Aligns every chapter of the book with corresponding sections in the ICAI Study Material, ensuring nothing is overlooked
• Unit-wise Chapters – Each unit contains chapters addressing a specific act or regulation. Chapters are further segmented to explain fundamental concepts, short-answer questions, long-answer questions, and case studies
• Previous Exam Papers (Solved) – Interspersed within chapters, you’ll find the Sept. 2025 solved paper and selected past papers for added practice.